Fabric science

Batist

Very finely knitted, light fabric in plain weave, usually made of cotton, batist which is described as silk batist is made from mercerised cotton.

 

Bouclé

Crease resistant, very durable woollen material or woollen material with admixture, has a knobby, loop-like surface.

 

Chiffon

Very fine-threaded, thin, plain weave made from silk or chemical fibres.

 

Cord

Ribbed velvet made from cotton or viscose, with or without synthetic admixture. Very hard wearing.

 

Duchess or satin

Dense, glossy weave in satin or satin binding of silk or chemical fibres.

 

Felt

Non-woven textile fabric of fibres, which is felted by pressing and rolling. Made from wool or chemical fibres.

 

Flannel

Fabric roughened on both sides in canvas or twill weave from cotton, wool or blends.

 

Fleece

Knitted fabric with a velvety, soft fluffy surface, usually made of polyester where plush loops are formed during binding, which are then cut up and roughened. Fleece is primarily used in functional clothing because of its many positive features.

 

Terry cotton

Terry towelling made from pure cotton or blends.

 

Gabardine

Very durable, densely woven fabric in cotton twill weave, synthetic or wool blends.

 

Georgette

Soft, supple, thin fabric in taffeta weave made from chemical fibres, silk or wool. Georgette is given a creping character by means of its heavily twisted yarns.

 

Interlock-Jersey

Firm jersey, which is crossed on two rows of needles in a right-to-right weave. Made from cotton, mainly used for t-shirts, underwear or sportswear.

 

Jeans

Solid, sturdy cotton fabric in twill weave.

 

Jersey

Knitted fabric made from cotton or viscose or with admixtures of chemical fibres.

 

Calico

Unbleached raw cotton in plain canvas without finishing.

 

Velour

Knitted fabric with a very soft, velvety surface. Mostly made from cotton, an extra thread is often incorporated into the velour's raw material, which makes small loops on the surface of the fabric. The velvety surface develops through the cutting and roughening of these loops.

 

Organza

Fine, stiff, transparent plain weave fabric made from silk or chemical fibres.

 

Poplin

Fine fabric made from mercerised cotton.

 

Velvet

Fabric, where the surface is formed with short, perpendicular fibres (pile), woven into the base material. The pile is created by cutting the pile threads. Velvet is made of cotton, viscose, silk or chemical fibres.

 

Single-Jersey

By alternating right-left knitted stitches, single jersey becomes very stretchy. Often made from cotton, viscose, synthetics or in mixtures.

 

Taffeta

Thick, woven fabric of chemical fibres or silk in plain weave which falls stiffly.

 

Tulle

Lattice-like, loose weave, usually made from chemical fibres.

 

Tweed

Coarse thread, soft wool material, the yarn of which often mottles which means it is made from different colour materials.

 

Nonwoven

Nonwoven i.e. no weave. The fibres are compacted or pressed by means of chemical binders.

 

Broadcloth

Woollen fabric from carded yarn. Knitted and subsequently matted by mechanical and damp heat treatment (milling).